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Articles

##issue.vol## 1 ##issue.no## 10 (2025): QUYMAKORLIK VA METALLARGA ISHLOV BERISH SOHASIDA ENERGIYA VA RESURSLARNI TEJASHGA YOʻNALTIRILGAN INNOVATSIYALAR

MODIFICATION OF NON-METALLIC INCLUSIONS IN STEEL BY CALCIUM (CA): A REVIEW

  • N.B.Kholmirzaev
  • N.D.Turakhodjaev
##submissions.submitted##
май 29, 2025
##submissions.published##
2025-05-29

##article.abstract##

Steel products often suffer from the presence of brittle or hard non-metallic inclusions. In constructional steels, brittle alumina inclusions lead to crack initiation and propagation under load. In free-cutting steels, elongated MnS inclusions along grain boundaries reduce fatigue life. Moreover, large agglomerated inclusions formed by collision and growth in molten steel create surface defects and internal cracks that compromise product reliability.